When being treated for or recovering from cancer, your food choices are vital to your health.
Cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation cause many side effects, which can be either worsened or improved by what you eat and drink.
Common side effects of chemotherapy and radiation include (Trusted Source):
fatigue/anemia/nausea/vomiting/changes in appetite/diarrhea/constipation/painful swallowing/dry mouth/mouth sores/impaired focus/mood changes
Filling your diet with nutritious foods, including fruits, helps supply your body with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants throughout your cancer treatment. However, it’s important to customize your fruit choices to your specific symptoms.
For example, puréed fruits or fruit smoothies are a good option if you have difficulty swallowing, while fruits rich in fiber can help promote regularity if you are experiencing constipation.
You may also want to avoid certain fruits based on your symptoms. For example, citrus fruits may irritate mouth sores and worsen the feeling of dry mouth.
Lastly, whole fruits like apples, plums, and pears are hard for some people with cancer to eat due to mouth sores, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth, or nausea.
1. Blueberries
Blueberries are a nutritional powerhouse, packing plenty of fiber, vitamin C, and manganese into each serving (Trusted Source).
They’re also rich in antioxidants and have been well studied for their cancer-fighting effects (Trusted Source, Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
Blueberries may also help alleviate chemo brain, a term used to describe problems with memory and concentration that some people experience during cancer treatment and recovery.
One small study found that drinking blueberry juice daily for 12 weeks improved memory and learning in older adults (Trusted Source).
Similarly, a recent review of 11 studies reported that blueberries improved several aspects of brain function in children and adults (Trusted Source).
While these studies did not include people undergoing cancer treatment, the findings may still apply.
2. Oranges
Oranges are a common type of citrus fruit, favored for their sweet taste, vibrant color, and stellar nutrient profile.
Just one medium orange can meet and exceed your daily needs for vitamin C, all while supplying other important nutrients like thiamine, folate, and potassium (Trusted Source).
Vitamin C plays a key role in immunity and can help strengthen your immune system during and after cancer treatment (Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
Research suggests that vitamin C may reduce the growth and spread of cancer cells and act as a therapeutic against certain types of cancer (Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
Vitamin C from oranges can also boost the absorption of iron from foods. This helps protect against anemia, a common side effect of chemotherapy (Trusted Source).
3. Bananas
Bananas can be a great dietary addition for those recovering from cancer.
They’re not only easy to tolerate for those with swallowing difficulties but also a good source of many important nutrients, including vitamin B6, manganese, potassium and vitamin C (Trusted Source).
Additionally, bananas contain a type of fiber called pectin, which can be especially beneficial for those experiencing diarrhea caused by cancer treatments (Trusted Source, 17Trusted Source).
Because bananas are rich in potassium, they can also help replenish electrolytes lost through diarrhea or vomiting.
Furthermore, test-tube studies have observed that pectin may help protect against the growth and development of colon cancer cells (Trusted Source, Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
That said, more research is needed to determine whether the pectin found in bananas could slow cancer cell growth in humans.
4. Grapefruit
Grapefruit is a nutritious fruit loaded with antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals.
In addition to providing a hearty dose of vitamin C, provitamin A, and potassium, it’s rich in beneficial compounds like lycopene (Trusted Source).
Lycopene is a carotenoid with potent anticancer properties. Some research suggests that it may reduce certain negative side effects of cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation (Trusted Source).
Keep in mind that grapefruit might interfere with certain medications, so it’s best to talk to your doctor before adding it to your diet (Trusted Source).
5. Apples
Apples are not only one of the most popular fruits but also one of the most nutritious.
Each serving is rich in fiber, potassium, and vitamin C — all of which can benefit cancer recovery (Trusted Source).
The fiber found in apples can promote regularity and keep things moving through your digestive tract (Trusted Source).
Potassium affects your fluid balance and can help prevent fluid retention, a common side effect of some types of chemotherapy (Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
Lastly, vitamin C acts as an antioxidant to support immune function and fight cancer cell growth (Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
6. Lemons
Known for their sour taste and signature citrus scent, lemons deliver a burst of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants in every serving.
They’re especially high in vitamin C, but also contain some potassium, iron, and vitamin B6 (Trusted Source).
Test-tube studies have found that lemon extract may help prevent the growth of several types of cancer cells (Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
Some animal studies also show that certain compounds in lemons, including limonene, could boost your mood and fight stress to combat depression and anxiety (Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
7. Pomegranates
Pomegranates are delicious, nutritious, and brimming with health benefits, making them a great addition to any diet.
Like other fruits, they’re high in vitamin C and fiber but also pack plenty of vitamin K, folate, and potassium (Trusted Source).
Plus, some research has found that eating pomegranates may improve your memory, which could help those affected by impairments in focus or concentration caused by chemotherapy (Trusted Source).
8. Mulberries
Mulberries are a type of colorful fruit from the same family as figs and breadfruit.
They have been used to treat cancer in many traditional forms of medicine, and emerging research has begun to confirm their potential cancer-fighting effects (Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
Mulberries are one of the few fruits rich in both vitamin C and iron, which may help protect against anemia caused by cancer treatments (Trusted Source).
They’re also high in a type of plant fiber known as lignins, which have been shown to enhance immune function and kill cancer cells in test-tube studies (Trusted Source).
Additional studies are needed to evaluate if eating mulberries in normal amounts may be beneficial during and after cancer treatment.
9. Pears
Pears are versatile, full of flavor, and easy to enjoy as part of a healthy diet.
They’re also highly nutritious, supplying a wealth of fiber, copper, vitamin C, and vitamin K in each serving (Trusted Source).
Copper, in particular, plays a central role in immune function and reduces your body’s susceptibility to infection, which can be beneficial during cancer treatment (Trusted Source).
Like other fruits, pears may contain powerful cancer-fighting compounds.
In fact, a study in over 478,000 people showed that a higher intake of apples and pears was associated with a lower risk of developing lung cancer (Trusted Source).
Anthocyanins, a type of plant pigment found in pears, have also been linked to decreased cancer growth and tumor formation in test-tube studies (Trusted Source, Trusted Source).
10. Strawberries
Thanks to their fresh, sweet taste, strawberries are a favorite among fruit lovers.
They are rich in vitamin C, folate, manganese, and potassium, along with antioxidant compounds like pelargonidin (Trusted Source).
In addition to boasting an impressive nutrient profile, strawberries may offer several benefits specific to cancer recovery.
First, ripe strawberries are soft, making them suitable for those with mild swallowing difficulties (52).
11. Cherries
Cherries are a type of stone fruit that belongs to the same genus as peaches, plums, and apricots.
Each serving of cherries supplies a hearty dose of vitamin C, potassium, and copper (Trusted Source).
These small fruits are also a good source of antioxidants like beta carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin, all of which can benefit your health (Trusted Source).
Many studies have found that the antioxidants found in cherries could help slow the growth of cancer cells.
For example, one test-tube study showed that cherry extract killed and stopped the spread of breast cancer cells (Trusted Source).
Another animal study observed similar findings, noting that certain compounds found in tart cherries reduced the growth of colon cancer cells in mice (Trusted Source).
12. Blackberries
Blackberries are a type of berry notable for their sweet, yet slightly bitter taste and deep purple hue.
This popular fruit is high in vitamin C, manganese, and vitamin K (Trusted Source).
Blackberries also contain an array of antioxidants, including ellagic acid, gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid (Trusted Source).
According to some research, eating berries may help protect against DNA damage, neutralize harmful compounds called free radicals, and slow the growth and spread of cancer cells (Trusted Source).
Conclusion:
Eating certain fruits can significantly affect your health, especially during and after cancer treatment.
Many fruits provide antioxidants to help fight the growth of cancer cells and may even offer other health benefits to help ease certain side effects of treatment.
Consuming these healthy fruits in combination with a well-rounded diet will keep you feeling your best and speed recovery.